Like the heights of the Himalayas or the depths of the Pacific, Antarctica is one of the earth’s most challenging and inhospitable frontiers. Yet just as Mallory was drawn to Everest so thousands of scientists and adventurers are drawn to this haunting desert every year.
Giant icebergs, contorting glaciers, labyrinthine caves and sparkling formations of white and blue; penguins, sharks, whales, terns, seals and hundreds of other species that struggle for survival; unparalleled views of the milky way in the clearest night skies you will ever witness. There are hundreds of reasons for the draw; yet perhaps none so much as the feelings of sheer exhilaration and clarity felt by all who visit the land of the midnight sun.
Antarctica itself is not really a country. It supports no permanent population and there is no real human administration. It is divided into eight sovereign claims – Australia, Argentina, Chile, France, Germany, New Zealand, Norway and the UK – by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961 and is currently home to research bases for around 30 countries.
Most visitors arrive by cruise ship, to drift in comfort amid the calm serenity of the icy waters or watch the adorable antics of the unique wildlife population. A few venture further inland, braving the harsh interior in the name of scientific endeavour, personal conquest or pure sport. Whatever your preference, it is a country that leaves its own mark and is never quickly forgotten.
Getting there
The vast majority of visitors arrive via cruise ships from Argentina’s Tierra del Fuego. Routes from Australia, South Africa and New Zealand are available but are considerably longer and more expensive. Charter flights and tours are also available from the aforementioned nations.
Getting around
Transport should be provided for you by your host/tour guide. If travelling over land, high-tech snow buggies or sleighs are likely to be used.
Local information
Language: English, Spanish, French, Norwegian. In practice, there are research stations for over 30 countries and languages vary between each one.
Time: Installations usually go by the time of their home country.
Climate: Ice cold all year round. Temperatures reach as low as -70°C in some areas. Rainfall is rare but high winds and snow storms may occur.
Currency: N/A
Business etiquette: This will depend on who you are visiting. Many nations have research stations in Antarctica and there will be strict regulations regarding visits. Protocol will be explained and should be followed at all times.
Tipping: Meals will be provided by your hosts.
Duty free: N/A
Safety: Antarctica has a treacherous climate and dangerous waters; only experienced sea captains or pilots should think of sailing or flying there. Follow the advice of your hosts at all times.
Laws: Laws are governed by Antarctic Treaty. Military activities are prohibited. Scientific research is carried out in cooperation with international community and with free sharing of information. Any nation in the treaty may inspect any station or installation on the continent.
Healthcare: Passenger ships and research installations have doctors but medical facilities are limited. Health insurance is essential and should include emergency evacuation.
Socket type: Vary from base to base.
